Wrench



(No Model.)

B. H. G. BRINSER. WRENGH. o. 423,592.

Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIH. G.'BRINSER, OF ELIZABETHTOVVN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN L. GINGRICH, OF NEARBAINBRIDGE, PENNSYLVANIA.

. WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 423,592, dated March 18, 1890. Application filed October 3, 1889 Serial No. 325,866. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI H. G. BRINSER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elizabethtown, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is applicable to any form of box or alligator wrench, and it relates to improvements in that class of wrenches in which the handle may be given a vibratory movement in the socket which connects it with the box; and the object of my improvement is to impart continuous or intermittent motion to the wrench by means of a' clutch connecting the handle and box. I accomplish this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same on the line z z of Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a top view of the wrench, the handle being removed and one of the lugs being shown in section on the line 00 m, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar view, the handle and spring being removed I and one of the lugs being shown in section on the line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a reduced longitudinal section of the box on the line 1 1, Fig. 1.

Similar letters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the details of the drawings, A represents a cylindrical box having an aperture a. through it of any desirable shape, or recesses formed in its ends. The outsides of the ends of the box are tapered, for a reason to be hereinafter explained, as shown at B B, the inner end of the tapered end B forming a shoulder 17, against which rests a collar 0, which encircles the barrel A of the box.

The collar 0 has a segment cut therefrom, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4,0r it may have a rectangular recess 0 cut therein, the side walls cl of which are formed integral with the collar, as shown in Fig. 5. Upon each end of the collar, or at the ends of the recess 0, there are outwardly-projecting jaws D and E formed. One of these jaws E has a slightlyinclined bevel on the inner face from a point near the free end thereof to the base, as shown at e, while the other D has a curved shoulder f formed on the inner face of its free end,

from the point ofv intersection of the lower part of which with the jaw the inside face of the latter slopes outward to the base, as shown at g. Between the ends of the collar 0, or in the recess 0 thereof, there is placed a segmental shoe F, of less length than the space between the ends of the collar orthan the length of the recess 0. The inner face of the shoe is adapted to fit snugly against the barrel of the box, and upon the outer face thereof there is a transverse circular lug or cog in formed near one end, leaving a shoulder h on one side and a broader shoulder j on the other. I K

A hand-lever G is detachably connected with the box of the wrench. This lever has a head H, constructed to fit somewhat loosely between the jaws D and E, its sides being adapted to conform with thecontours of the inner faces of those jaws, and in its lower end is formed a recess constructed to receive the lug or cog it formed on the shoe F. Between the end of the head H and the jaw B there is placed a spring T, formed of a curved plate, which extends entirely across the end of the head and is fastened thereto at the center by a rivet or screw. (Not shown on the drawings.) This spring serves to prevent unnecessary movement of the head between the aws.

When the collar 0, the lug or cog 7c, and the lever are united to form the wrench, the parts are bound together by a rectangular collar M, which fits down over the jaws D and E and embraces those jaws, the head, of the the lever, and the lug 7c, and is secured in place by set-screws m, working through perforations in the ends thereof, the ends of the screws bearing against the outer faces of the jaws D and E. When the walls cl of the re; cess c are dispensed with, the shoe -F is retained in place by the collar M. The lever is connected with the collar 0 by inserting the head H sidewise between the jaws D and E.

In the outside of the barrel A of the box A, and on the side of the collar 0 opposite to the shoulder b, there is formed an annular depression at. This depression receives a cir- IOO cular spring N, having one end-p bent inward to engage an aperture 3 in the side of the collar O. This spring moves around the barrel A with the collar 0 and projects far enough out of the depression a to prevent lateral movement of the "collar on the barrel.

The-parts of the wrench are put together by slipping the collar 0 over the end B of the box, springing the spring N into the depression a and inserting the bent end 19 thereof into the aperture 8 of the collar 0, introducing the head of the handle between the jaws D and E, and passing the rectangular collar down over the handle and the jaws D and E and securing it in place by screwing up the set-screws m. The ends B B of the box are tapered, as shown, that the wrench may be more readily engaged with nuts located under flanges or projecting ledges, as in screwin g up the nuts of bolts securing the ends of railroadrails together, or nuts similarly located. In wrenches employed for ordinary use the ends B B may be dispensed with.

As will be observed, the jaws D and E are so located on the collar 0 that when the handlever G is in an upright position a vertical line extending through its center and the lug or cog 7c of the shoe F passes to one side of the parallel diametrical line passing through the box A. The shoulder f of the jaw D serves as a fulcrum for the lever G, and in moving the handle thereof to the right, as shown by the arrow 4, the toe t of the head H presses upon the shoulder 1' of the shoe F, forcing it against the surface of the barrel A of the box A, the line of pressure extending back of and at an angle with a line passing through the center of the barrel and the point of pressure. The effect of this action is 'to bind the shoe against the'barrel and force the latter in the direction opposite .to that from which the force is applied, the firmness of the grip of the shoe on the barrel increasing with the force applied to the handle of the lever.

Moving the leverin the opposite direction loosens the shoe on the barrel and causes the collar 0 to slip around it. In theldrawings, the spaces between the parts are exaggerated to more clearly illustrate the construction of the parts. The inner face of the lug E is beveled,as shown at e, to prevent the head H from being drawn from between the lugs D and E.

By the construction just described the wrench can be turned continuously with the nut, or where that is impracticable it can be turned as'far as circumstances will permit with the nut, and the handle can then be thrown back to obtain the necessary room for fiirther work without disengaging it from the wrench or removing the latter from the nut. The wrench is constructed to receive the head of a nut in both ends, so that it may be used 1 from left to right or rightto left.

The advantages of my Wrench will be selfevident to those acquainted with the art, the

description of its construction and operation showingthe ease and rapidity with which the work required of it can be performed and what a gain in time andlabor is accomplished by its employment.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to' secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a nut-cylinder, of a movable collar fitted on said cylinder and having an opening therein, a shoe seated on the cylinder in said opening, and a lever constructed to be received between the ends of the opening and bear on the shoe and lock the same. against the cylinder upon the application of force to turn said lever about the cylinder in one direction, substantially as and w for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with a nut-cylinder, of a movable collar fitted on the cylinder and having an opening cut therein, jaws formed on the collar at the ends of said opening, a shoe seated on the cylinder in the opening in the collar,and a lever constructed to be re-' ceived between the jaws on the collar and bear on the shoeand lock the same against the cylinder when force is applied to turn the lever in one direction about said cylinder, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a nut-cylinder, of a movable collar fitted on said cylinder and having an opening therein, jaws formed on the collar at the ends of the opening, a shoe seated on the cylinder in the opening in the collar, and a lever constructed to be received between said jaws and bear on the shoe, the jaws being so formed on the collar that aperpendieular line extending through the center of the lever when in a vertical position shall be outside of a parallel line passing diametrically through said cylinder, substantially as T on the cylinder in the opening in thecollar,

and a lever constructed to be received between the ends of the opening in the collar and rest on the shoe, the line of force passing through the point of pressure of the lever on the shoe when power is applied to turn said lever in one direction about .the cylinder, passing through the point of pressure of the lever on the shoe, and forming an angle with the diam eter through the cylinder at said point of pressure, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a nut-cylinder A, of a movable collar fitted on the cylinder and having an opening cut therein, jaws formed on the collar at the ends of the opening, one of said jaws having a shoulder f on the inner face, a shoe seated on the cylinder in the opening in the collar and having a lug or cog is formed thereon, and a lever constructed tofit between the jaws on the collar and engage the shoulder f and the lug k, and adapted to lit-cylinder A, jaws D and E, the lever, and the shoe, of a collar M, remova- 7. The combination, W-i the movable collar having bly secured about the said jaws D and E, sub I 5 stantially as and for the purpose specified. ELI H. e. BRINSER.

Witnesses:

JAcoB HALBACH, WM. R. GERHART. 

